Research by Rebel A. Cole, Lynn Eminent Scholar Professor of Finance at Florida Atlantic University (Office) 561-297-4969. Dr. Cole Specializes in Corporate Governance, Commercial Banking (including Bank Failures), Commercial Real Estate, Entrepreneurial Finance, and Financial Institutions

Working Papers:

Rebel A. Cole, Claire Liang, and Rengong Zhang. 2020. Debt financing of small OTC Firms reporting to the SEC. Paper under revision for the Journal of Corporate Finance. Available at: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3679594

Rebel A. Cole and Qiongbing Wu. 2020. Macroeconomic shocks and bank failure. Paper under revision for the Journal of Financial Stability. Presented at: 3rd Sydney Banking and Financial Stability Conference in Sydney, AUSTRALIA held Dec. 13-14, 2019. Available at: https://ssrn.com/abstract=2484517

Michael Bordo, Rebel A. Cole and John Duca. 2019. The impact of the Dodd-Frank Act on small business. Paper presented at the 3rd Sydney Finance and Banking Conference in Sydney, AUSTRALIA held Dec. 13-14, 2019. Available at: http://ssrn.com/abstract=3436356

Jason Damm, Masim Suleymanov and Rebel A. Cole. 2019. Changes in personal bankruptcy protection laws:
The impact on bank lending to small businesses. Paper presented at the 2019 FMA Annual Meetings in New Orleans, LA USA held Oct. 23-26, 2019. Available at: https://www.ssrn.com/abstract=3247930

Jon Taylor and Rebel A. Cole. 2019. An empirical comparison of early warning bank failure models using McNemar's Test. Paper to be presented at the International Banking, Economics, and Finance Association (IBEFA) sessions in the WEAI Meetings in San Francisco, CA USA held June 28 - July 2, 2019. Available at: http://www.ssrn.com/abstract=3318303.

Tracie Frost and Rebel A. Cole. 2019. The role of financial reporting quality in worldwide access to credit. Paper to be presented at the European Accounting Association 42nd Annual Congress in Paphos, CYPRUS held May 29-31, 2019. Available at: https://www.ssrn.com/abstract=3292551.

Rebel A. Cole, Douglas J. Cummings, and Jon Taylor. 2019. Does FinTech compete with or complement bank finance? Paper presented at the SKEMA Conference on Fintech & Digital Finance in Nice, FRANCE held May 23-24, 2019. Available at: https://www.ssrn.com/abstract=3302975.

Charles Brigden, Rebel A. Cole and Richard Roddewig. 2019. The impact of the Deepwater Horizon Gulf Oil Spill on Gulf Coast real estate markets. Paper presented at the 2019 Annual Meetings of the American Real Estate Society in Scottsdale, AZ USA held April 09-11, 2019. Available at: htttp://ssrn.com/abstract=3436344

Charles Brigden, Rebel A. Cole and Richard Roddewig. 2019. Groundwater contamination and housing prices: Evidence from a Jacksonville, MD site. Paper presented at the 2019 Annual Meetings of the American Real Estate Society in Scottsdale, AZ USA held April 09-11, 2019. Available at: http://ssrn.com/abstract=3436351

Rebel A. Cole and Andreas Dietrich and Tracie Frost. 2018. SME credit availability around the world: Evidence from the World Bank's Enterprise Survey. Paper presented at the Australian Finance & Banking Conference in Sydney, AUSTRALIA, held Dec. 12-15, 2018; . http://ssrn.com/abstract=2043624

Rebel A. Cole and Rima Turk-Ariss. 2018. Legal origin, creditor protection and bank lending: Evidence from around the world. Paper presented at the Australian Finance & Banking Conference in Sydney, AUSTRALIA, held Dec. 12-15, 2018; Available at: http://ssrn.com/abstract=997582.

Rebel A. Cole. 2018. How did small-business lending change after the financial crisis? Paper presented at the 6th Annual Community Banking Conference held at the Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis in St. Louis, MO USA, Oct. 3-4, 2018. Available at: http://www.ssrn.com/abstract=3077004.

Rebel A. Cole and Tatyana Sokolyk. 2017. Financing patterns and performance outcomes of women- versus men-owned firms: Evidence from the Kauffman Firm Surveys. Paper presented at The Diana International Conference 2017 at the Ewing Marion Kauffman Foundation, Kansas City, MO USA, held Oct. 1-3, 2017. http://ssrn.com/abstract=3044957

Rebel A. Cole, Kenneth R. Ferris, and Arie Melnik. 2017. The accounting costs in mergers and acquisitions transactions. Paper presented at the 2017 World Finance Conference in Cagliari, ITALY held Jul. 26-28, 2017 Available at http://ssrn.com/abstract=1458465.

Rebel A. Cole and Tatyana Sokolyk. 2017. Friends and family? How young entrepreneurial firms really fund their assets. Paper presented at The 2nd Entrepreneurial Finance Conference in Ghent, Belgium, held Jul. 06-07, 2017.

Rebel A. Cole and Susanne E. Cannon. 2017. CRE property sales in hot and cold markets: Evidence from 25 years of NCREIF data. Paper presented at the 2015 Annual Meetings of the Southern Finance Association in Captiva, FL USA held Nov. 18-21, 2015. Available at: http://ssrn.com/abstract=2579115

Rebel A. Cole. Credit scores and credit market outcomes: Evidence from the SSBF and KFS. 2015. Paper presented at the 2015 Annual Meetings of the Financial Management Association in Orland, FL USA held Oct 15-17, 2015 Available at: http://ssrn.com/abstract=2373737

Andreas Dietrich, Gabrielle Wanzenried, and Rebel A. Cole. 2015. Why are net-interest margins across countries so different? Paper presented at 2015 Annual Meetings of the European Financial Management Association in Amsterdam, THE NETHERLANDS held Jun. 24-27, 2015; Available at: http://ssrn.com/abstract=1542067

Rebel A. Cole and Drew Dahl. Audits and bank failures: Which causes which? 2014. Paper presented at the 2013 Annual Meetings of the International Finance & Banking Society (IFABS) in Nottingham, UK held Jun. 26-28, 2013. Available at: (Link to pdf file)

Rebel A. Cole. How do firms choose legal form of organization? Paper presented at the 2013 Annual Meetings of the Financial Management Association in Chicago, IL USA held Oct. 17-19, 2013; and at the Searle Center on Law, Regulation and Economic Growth Fourth Annual Conference on Entrepreneurship and Innovation held June 16-17, 2011 in Chicago, IL, USA (Link to pdf file at SSRN) (Link to pdf file at SBA)

Rebel A. Cole, Douglas Cumming, and Dan Li. Do banks or VCs spur growth? Paper presented at the 2013 Annual Meetings of the Financial Mangement Association in Chicago, IL USA held Oct. 17-19, 2013; and at the 2013 Annual Meetings of the European Financial Management Assciation in Reading, UK held Jun. 26-29, 2013. (Link to pdf file at SSRN)

Rebel A. Cole and Tatyana Sokolyk. How do start-up firms finance their assets? Evidence from the Kauffman Firm Surveys. Paper presented at the 2013 World Finance Conference in CYPRUS held Jul. 1-3, 2013; at the Sixth Annual Conference on Innovation and Entrepreneurship: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) and Ewing Marion Kauffman Foundation Conference on Intellectual Property and Entrepreneurship in Chicago, IL USA held Jun. 6-7, 2013; at the 2012 Annual Meetings of the Southern Finance Association in Charleston, SC USA held Nov. 15-17, 2012; at the 2012 Annuall Meetings of the Financial Management Association in Atlanta, GA USA Oct. 18-20, 2012; at the Kauffman � RCFS Entrepreneurial Finance and Innovation Conference in Boston, MA USA held Jun. 10-11, 2012; and at the Global Finance Conference in Chicago, IL USA held May 24-25, 2012. (Link to pdf file at SSRN)

Susanne E. Cannon and Rebel A. Cole. Explaining multi-family foreclosures. Paper presented at the Global Chinese Real Estate Congress (GCREC) 2013 Annual Conference in Beijing, PRC held July 6-7, 2013. Also presented at the 2011 Annual Meeting of the American Real Estate Society held April 20-23 in Seattle, WA, USA. Also presented at the 2010 Mid-Year Meetings of the American Real Estate and Urban Economics Association held in Washington, DC, USA Jun. 3-4, 2010. (Link to pdf file at SSRN)

Rebel A. Cole, Ken Ferris and Arie Melnik. The cost of advice in mergers and acquisitions.Paper presented at the 4th International Conference on Accounting and Finance in Corfu Island, Greece held Aug. 30 � 31, 2012. (Link to pdf file at SSRN)

Rebel A. Cole and Timothy J. Curry. What happens to problem banks? Evidence from the 1980s and guidance for the 2010s. Paper presented at the 2011 Annual Meetings of the Southern Finance Association in Key West, FL, USA, held Nov. 17-19, 2011; at the 2011 Annual Meetings of the Financial Management Association in Denver, CO, USA held Oct. 20-22, 2011; and at the 2011 Annual Meetings of the International Finance and Banking Society in Rome, Italy held Jun. 30 � Jul. 2, 2011. (Link to pdf file at SSRN)

Rebel A. Cole. Bank credit, trade credit or no credit? Evidence from the Surveys of Small Business Finances. Paper presented at presented at the 2011 Annual Meetings of the Southern Finance Association in Key West, FL, USA, held Nov. 17-19, 2011; at the 2011 Annual Meetings of the Financial Management Association in Denver, CO, USA held Oct. 20-22, 2011; and at the 2010 Annual Meeting of the Academy of Entrepreneurial Finance in Chicago, IL USA Sep. 15-17, 2010. (Link to pdf file at SSRN)

Rebel A. Cole and Hamid Mehran. Gender and the Availability of Credit to Small Firms. Paper presented at the 2010 Annual Meeting of the Academy of Entrepreneurial Finance in Chicago, IL USA Sep. 15-17, 2010. Also presented at the 2010 European Financial Management Symposium on Entrepreneurship and Venture Capital. Montreal, Canada. April 15-17, 2010; and at the Kauffman Foundation�Federal Reserve Conference on Entrepreneurial Finance held in Cleveland, OH, USA, March 12-13, 2009. (Link to pdf file at SSRN)

Rebel A. Cole and Rima Turk-Ariss. Legal origin, creditor protection and bank lending: Evidence from emerging markets. Paper presented at the 2008 Annual Meeting of the Financial Management Association held in Grapevine, TX, USA, Oct. 9-11, 2008; and at the Conference on Financial Stability, co-sponsored by the Bank of Finland and the Journal of Financial Stability, June 7-8, 2007.(Link to pdf file at SSRN)

Rebel A. Cole and Linda Wu. Is hazard or probit more accurate in predicting bank failures? Paper presented at the 22nd Australiasian Finance and Banking Conference in Sydney, Australia, December 15-17, 2009; and at the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation Research Seminar in Washington, DC, USA, May 19, 2009. (Link to pdf file at SSRN)

Rebel A. Cole and Joseph Vu. Do mergers create or destroy value: Evidence from unsuccessful mergers. Paper presented at the Annual Meetings of the Financial Management Association, Salt Lake City, UT, USA, October 12-14, 2006. (Link to pdf file at SSRN)

Susanne Cannon, Rebel A. Cole and Jonathan Dombrow. Is there a market for partial corporate control? Evidence from REITs. Paper presented at the 2006 Annual Meeting of the Real Estate Research Institute, Chicago, IL, USA, April 27-28, 2006. (Link to pdf file at SSRN)

Henk Berkman, Rebel A. Cole and Lawrence J. Fu. Agency costs, expropriation and firm value: Evidence from securities-market regulation in China. Paper presented at the International Conference on Corporate Governance in Asia and China, Shanghai, PRC March 11-13, 2005. (Link to pdf file at SSRN)

Henk Berkman, Rebel A. Cole, Andy Lee, and Madhu Veeraraghavan. The Effect of Board Composition and Ownership Structure
on Firm Performance: Evidence from India. Paper presented at the China International Conference on Finance, Kunming, PRC, July, 2005. (Link to pdf file)

Henk Berkman, Rebel A. Cole and Lawrence J. Fu. From State to State: Improving corporate governance where the government is the controlling block holder. Paper presented at the 2nd Annual Conference on Asian Corporate Governance, Seoul, Korea, May, 2002. (Link to pdf file at SSRN)

Rebel A. Cole and Nick Walraven. Banking consolidation and the availability of credit to small businesses: Evidence from the 1993 National Survey of Small Businesses. Presented at the Conference on Consolidation in the Financial Services Industry, sponsored by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York. New York City, NY USA. March 27, 1998. (Link to pdf file at SSRN)

Rebel A. Cole. Availability of credit to small and minority-owned businesses: Evidence from the 1993 National Survey of Small Business Finances. (Link to pdf file at SSRN)

Rebel A. Cole. A note on REIT liquidity: The role of �New REITs.� Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the American Real Estate and Urban Economics Association held in Chicago, IL USA. January 1998. (Link to pdf file at SSRN)

Rebel A. Cole and Hamid Mehran. Organizational form, taxes, ownership and CEO compensation: Evidence from small businesses. Paper presented at the 1996 Annual Meetings of the Financial Management Association in New Orleans, LA USA held Oct. 1996. (Link to pdf file at SSRN)

Rebel A. Cole and George W. Fenn. The role of commercial real estate investments in the banking crisis of 1985-92. Paper presented at the 1995 Annual Meetings of the American Real Estate and Urban Economics Association held in Washington, DC, January 1995. (Link to pdf file at SSRN)

Rebel A. Cole, Joseph A. McKenzie and Lawrence J. White. Deregulation gone awry: Moral hazard in the savings and loan industry. Paper presented at the 1990 Annual Meetings of the Financial Management Association.. (Link to pdf file at SSRN)

Rebel A. Cole, and Hamid Mehran. Executive compensation and corporate performance: Evidence from thrift institutions. Presented at the 27th Annual Conference on Bank Structure and Competition held in Chicago, IL, USA, May 1991. (Link to pdf file at SSRN)